Washing machine



H. R. MERSELES WASHING momma July 29 1924;

3 Sheets-Shea t 1 Filed Sept, 16. 192

INVENTOR. Maw? /p M ATTORNEY.

July 29 1924. 1,502,863

- H. R. MERSELES WASHING momma File d Sept. 16.921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 J rr m ph/ a, v

IIII/IIIII I I j I v j? INVENTOVR.

ATTORNEY.

July 29. 1924. j 1,502,863

- H. R. MERSELES WASHING MACHINE il d pt- 16. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet. 3

Patented July 29, 1924.'

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY R. MERSELES, OF BRONXVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HERBERT E.MERSELES, F BRONXVILLE, NEW YORK.-

WASHING MACHIN Application filed September 16, 1921. Serial No. 501,110.

To all 'NFIIONL it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY R. lilnnsnnns, a citizen of the United States,residing at llronxville. in the county of lVestchester and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVashingMachines, fully described and represented in. the followingspecification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to improvements in washing machines andparticularly machines designed for the washing of dishes and similararticles, and is directed to increasing the efliciency of such machineswhile permitting a simplification in their construction.

An important object ofthe invention is to provide a washing machine witha rotary projector adapted to project water or other washing medium uponall sides of the articlcs to be washed, in the course of its rotation.The rotary projectors heretofore used in dish washing machines have beenprovided with rearwardly inclined nozzles from which the washing mediumwas projected upon the articles to be washed, the reaction from the jetsfrom these nozzles being utilized to rotate the projector. Some rotaryprojectors have been provided with axially directed nozzles in additionto the rearwardly inclined nozzles. Such rotary projectors project thewashing medium against the edgeot' the articles to be washed and againstone side of the articles during their rotation. Such a rotary projector,however, cannot project water directly against all sides of thearticles.

A washing machine incorporating the present invention is provided with arotary projector located adjacent to a rack in which the articles to bewashed are supported .The projector has rearwardly inclined disel'iargcopenings and forwardly 1ncl1ned discharge openings directed toward thearticles in the rack. As the projector rotates the washing mediumprojected from the forwardly 1nclined discharge openings lmpinges uponthe oppositeside of the articles from that projected from the rearwardlylnchned d1scharge openings, so that in the course of each rotation ofthe projector the washing medium is discharged against all sides of thearticles. The rotation of the projector is most desirably caused byreaction of the washing mediumprojected, and may be obtained either byso ,locating the forwardly and rearwardly inclined discharge openingswhich project the washing medium against the dishes that the reactivemovement of the sprays from the rearwardly inclined openings is greaterthan that of the sprays from the forwardly inclined openings, or byproviding rearwardly inclined discharge openings in addition to theopenings used to project the washing medium upon the articles, tofurnish a reactive force to rotate the projector. A washing machineincorporating the invention and provided with a single rotary projectorhas been found to have a washing efficiency substantially equal to thatof a washing machine containing two oppositely placed rotaryprojectorsof the type heretofore used.

()ther objects and advantages of the invention are hereinafterexplained.

- In order that the invention may be clearly understood I will describein detail the specific embodiments of it illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a dish washing machinewith a portion of the tank broken away to disclose the washingmechanism; l

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary front 'elevation'of the. washing machine,showing the rotary projector turned through an angle of 90 from theposition shown in Fig. 1;

' Fig. 3 is a similar fragmentary front elevation showing the rotaryprojector turned through an angle of 180 from the position shown in Fig.2;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the rotary projector and'the top of the pumpcasing;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the rotary projector and its mounting,sectioned on the lines 5-5 of Figs. 6 to 9;

Figs. 6, 7 8 and 9 are enlarged transverse sections of the rotaryprojector-taken upon the lines 66, 77, 88 and 99 of F i 5 respectively;and Fig. 10 is a top view, and Fig. 11 an end View, of a rotaryprojector of modified construction.

The washing machine illustrated comprises a receptacle or tank 10 anddish washing mechanism which includes a motor 11 supported below thebottom of the tank 10 be placed. A pipe 17 is provided for in-,

troducing water or other washing medium into the tank 10 and forwithdrawing the same therefrom. v

The construction of the rotary projector 20 is best shown in Figs. 4 to9. In the form illustrated in these figures the projectorhas an integraltubular body 21 forming two diametrically opposite radialwasharms 22,23. The outer ends of the arms 22, 23 are closed by end pieces 24, 25.While these end pieces may, if desired, be made integral with thetubular body21, certain advantages hereinafter explained are obtainedby-making the end pieces separate and adjust-ably securing them to theends of the tubular body 21 by means of set screws 26.

On the lower side of the tubular body 21,

at a point intermediate its ends, is an 111- take opening 2? which isinternally threaded. Into the opening 27 is screwed a hollow hub 28which is rotatably mounted in the discharge neck 13 of the casing of thepump 12. It isapparentthat if desired the hub 28 may be made integralwith the tubular body 21, although, in order to form a hearing surfaceupon the hub, it has been found more convenient to make the hubseparate.

It is desirable to mount the hub 28- in the discharge neck 13 in suchmanner, that it may easily beremoved therefrom. As best .seen in Fig. 5,the hub 28 is rotatably mounted in a collar 29 which is removablysecured in theneek 13 by means of a screw 30 which passes through theneck and enters a recess 31 in the collar 29. At the lower' edge of thehub 28 is an external annular flange 32 which engages the lower edge ofthe collar 29 so as to prevent the hub 28 from being raised in thecollar 29 by the force of the water entering the rotary projector fromthe pump.

In order to secure smooth flowing and proper distribution of the waterentering through the opening 27 the upper wall of the tubular body-'21is extended inwardly so as to form. a deflector 34 above the opening 27.1

Along the upper sides of the arms 22, 23 are formed discharge nozzles41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, the nozzles 42- to 45 being formed upon thetubular body 21, and-the nozzies 41, 46 being formed on the end pieces24, 25. In the end of each nozzle is a discharge opening having the formof a slot 47 which extends longitudinally of the arms, that is to say,radially of the ro ary projector. The intern: width of he nozzles totheir extreme outer ends is much greater than the.

width of the discharge slots 47 so that the rate of flow of the waterpassing outwardly through the nozzles is much less than the rate atwhich the water is projected through projector 20 (i. e., the axis ofthe hub 28). Certain of the nozzles and openings are rearwardly'inclined so as to project water rearwardly as the projector rotateswhile others of the nozzles and openings are forwardly inclined so as toproject water forwardly asthe projector rotates. In the specific formillustrated the projector, for a reason hereinafter explained, rotates,in a clockwise direction looking from the top, and the nozzles'41, 44,45, 46 are'rearwardly inclined with respect to such rotation while thenozzles 42, 43 are forwardly inclined. The nozzles are most desirablyall inclined to the axis at the same angle. In the form illustrated thenozzles are so arranged that all of them except the end nozzle 41project their fan-like sprays in a common plane Inclined to the axis ofrotation of the projector. I

-Itv 's apparent that thereaction of the sprays from the rearwardlyinclined noz-- zles 41, 44, 45, 46 tend to cause the projector] torotate in a clockwise direction while the reaction of the sprays fromthe forwardly inclined nozzles 42, '43 tend to retard such rotation. Thenozzles are so positioned that the reactive moment of the sprays fromthe rearwardly inclined nozzles is greater than the reactive moment fromthe sprays from the forwardly inclined nozzles and the entire projectoris, therefore, caused'to rotate in a clockwise direction by reaction.

- If a morerapid rotation of the projector than that obtained by thediflerence in the reactive moment of the sprays from the nozzlesarranged as shown in Figs; 1 to 9 is desired, the end pieces 24, 25 maybe ad- 1 justed about the ends of the tubular body sov as to incline thenozzles 41, 46 rearwardly at a greater angle than that at which the'other nozzles are inclined. Or, by inclining the nozzle 41 in theopposite direction from,

that shown, anti-clockwise rotation of the projector may be obtained.

It should be noted that in the same distance from the axis of rotationofQthe projector The nozzles are spaced from the axis in the'followingorder: 44, 43,

'45, 42, 46, 41; the nozzle 44 being the nearest "to j the axis (and thenozzle 41 being the v the form shown' in Figs. 1 to 9, no two of thenozzles are at from the forwardl different circle, thus giving the mosteven possible distribution of the washing medium over the dishes. Theparticular arrangement of the nozzles shown, however, necessitatesmaking the arm 22 longer than the arm 23. The tubular member 21 isformed to provide a weight 48 on the arm 23 which counterbalances thelonger arm 22 making the center of gravity of the rotary projector at ornear the axis of the hub 28.

In the operation of the machine described, the lower portion of the tank10 is filled with hot soapy wateror otherwashing medium and the motor 11is then operated to drive the pump 12v which draws water from the bottomof the tank and forces it into the tubular body 21 through the opening.27. The washing medium is projected from the discharge slots of thenozzles in fiat fanlike sprays extending radially of the pro-- jcctorand inclined to the axis of the projector. As the projector rotates, thesprays inclined nozzles 42, 43 strike upon the articles against whichwashing medium was projected from the rear- Wardly incline-d nozzles 46,45, 44 half a revolution before; but the sprays from the forwardlyinclined nozzles 42, 43 strike the opposite side of these articles fromthat against which the washing medium was projected by the rearwardlyinclined nozzles 46, 45, 44. Thus, during each complete revolution ofthe projector the fan-like sprays are swung around so as to strike everyside of the dishes 15, or other articles supported in the rack 14. Thisoperation is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Thus, in Fig. 1, where thearm 22 is shown extending to the right, the arm 23 to the left, thesprays projected from all the nozzles except the end nozzle 41 areinclined toward the observer striking the side of the articles away fromthe observer. When the projector has rotated through an angle of 90 sothat the arm 22 is toward the observer as shown in Fig. 2, the spraysfrom all the nozzles, except the end nozzle 41, are inclined to the leftstriking the right side of the articles. On a further rotation of 90,the sprays from all the nozzles, except the end nozzle 41, are inclinedin the opposite direction to that shown in Fig. 1, so that they strikethe side. of the articles toward the observer. A still furtherrotationof 00 brings the arm 23 toward the observer as shown in Fig. 3,and the sprays from all the nozzles, except the end nozzle 41, are thenprojected to the right striking the left side of the articles. Itshould, of course, be understood that the 90 points are mentionedmere-1y for the sake of illustration, there being a continuous change inthe direction in which the sprays are projected against the articles asthe projector rotates.

From the above descri tion of the operation of the washing mac iine itis apparent that the greater part of the washing is done by the waterprojected from the nozzles 42, 43 and the nozzles 46, 45, 44 whichbecause of their inclination in opposite directions project the washingmedium against all sides of the articles. The nozzle 41 may be regardedas a. driving nozzle, although it has also an importantwashing function,particularly at the corners of the rack 14.

While the embodiment of 'the invention which has been described hasproved extremely eflicient in practice, it should be clearly understoodthat the invention is by no means limited to this specific embodiment ofthe invention. Thus the staggered ar rangement of the nozzles is notessential to the carrying out of the invent ion. In Figs. 10 and 11 isillustrated a modified form of rotary washer in which the arms 22 and 23are of the same length and the correspom'ling nozzles of each-arm are atequal distances from the axis of rotation. It is apparent that in thisarrangement the reactive moment of the-sprays from the nozzles 42, 43 isjust balanced by the reactive moment of the sprays from thenozzles 45,44. In this case a rotation of the washer is caused by the endnozzles-41, 46 both of which may be inclined as illustrated in Figs. 10and 11 so as to cause anti-clockwise rotation, or if desired, may beinclined so as to cause clockwise rotation, of the projector.

Furthermore, it is not essential that the forwardly inclined nozzles andrearwardly inclined nozzles be. arranged to project sprays in a commonplane, nor is it necessary that-all the nozzles inclined in the samedireotion be located adjacent-to each-other, nor that the body of theprojector have the form of radial arms.

It should be understood that the expres sions forwardly inclined andrearwardly inclined in the claims following relate to inclination withrespect to the axis of rotation of the projector, in directions forwardor rearward with respect to the direction of rotation. ofthe projector,it being, of course, immaterial Whether this direction of rotation isclockwise or anti-clockwise. The precise number of the forwardlyinclined discharge openings or nozzles or of the tear wardly. inc-lineddischarge openings or nozzles is a matter which may be varied to suitparticular conditions, and it shouldbe understood, therefore, that wherethe words discharge openings or nozzles occur in the claims these wordsinclude the use of a single discharge opening or nozzle, except ininstances where a plurality of openings or nozzles is expresslyspecified.

Certain features of the washing machine illustrated form part of thesubject matter of the co-pending application of -Herbert EJ Merseles,Henry R. Merseles," Charles F. Simmons, and Paul H. Engel,

filed May 5, 1921, Serial Nob 67,046, and arein consequence not claimedin this application.

What is claimed is:

1. In a washing machine, a single rotary projector, andmeans forsupporting the articles to be washed about the axis of the projector atone side thereof, the side of the projector adjacent to said supportbeing provided with. discharge openings inclined to the axis'of theprojector, some of said openings being inclined forwardly with respectto the direction of rotation of the projector so as to project thewashing medium directly against a side of the articles as the projectorrotates, and others ofsaid openings being inclined rearwardly withrespect to the direction of rotation of the projector so as to projectthe washing medium directly against the opposite side of the articles asthe projector rotates.

2. A washing'machine as claimed in claim 1, in which the dischargeopenings of the projector are so located that the moment of reaction ofthe washing medium discharged through the rearwardly inclined openingsexceeds that. of the washing medium discharged through the forwardlyinclined openmgs, so that the projector is rotated by the resultantreaction of the washing medium discharged through the openings.

3. In a washing machine, a rotatably mounted projector having in one ofits sides an axial inlet opening, means for forcing washing medium intosaid projector through said inlet opening, and means for supporting thearticles to be washed about the axis of the projector at the oppositeside of the projector from said inlet opening, the sid of the projectoradjacent to said support being provided with discharge openings inclinedto the axis of the projector and so arranged that the resultant reactionof the washing medium discharged therethrough causes a rotation of theprojector, certain of said discharge openings being inclined forwardlywith respect to the direction of rotation of the projector and havingthe form of narrow radial slots so as to project a sheet of washingmedium'directly against one side of the articles as the projectorrotates, and'othersof said openings being inclined rearwardly withrespect 'to the direction'of rotation of the projector and having theform of narrow radial slots so as to project a sheet of washing mediumdirectly against the opposite side of the articles as the projectorrotates.

4. In a washing machine, a projector having an inlet opening, means forforcing washing medium into said projector through said inlet opening,means for supporting the articles to be washed at the ,opposite side ofthe projector. from said inlet opening,

the side of the projector adjacent to said mosses said plane and passingthrough the article support.

5. In a washing machine a rotary projector, and means for supporting thearticles to be washed about the axis of the projector at one sidethereof, the side of the projector adjacent to said support beingprovided with nozzles having blunt ends inclined forwardly with respectto the plane of rotation of the projector and each containing a narrowarcuate discharge slot extending radially of the projector and adaptedto project a fiat fan-like spray of washing medium against one side ofthe. articles as the projector rotates, and nozzles having blunt endsinclined rearwardly with respect to the tending radially of theprojector and adapted to project flat fan-like sprays of washing mediumagainst the opposite side of the articles as the projector rotates.

6. In a washing machine, a projector comprising a rotatably mountedhollow hub portion and a plurality of hollow radial arms extendingtherefrom, means for forcin washing medium into said arms throug saidhub, and means for supporting the articles tobe washed aboutthe axis ofsaid hub at one sideof said arms, said projector being provided with adischarge opening located near the end of one of said arms andrearwardly directed so that the reaction of the washing medium projectedthere'- through causes a rotation of the projector and with a pluralityof other discharge openings located along the side of said arms adjacentto said article support, certain of respect to the direction of rotationof the projector so as to .project the washing medium directly againstone side of the articles as the projector rotates, and the others ofsaid openings being inclined rearwardly with respect to the direction ofrotation of the projector so as to, project the washing medium directlyagainst the opposite side of the articles as the projector rotates.

7. In a washing machine, a support for the articles to be washed, arotary projector comprising a hollow hub rotatable about an axis passingthrough the article support, and a pair of diametrically opposite radialarms of diflerent lengths extending from said hub adjacent to thearticle support, the longer of said arms being provided with a dischargeopening adapted to projectthe washing medium against the portion of thearticles furthest from the axis of the hub,'

and the shorter of said arms being provided with a discharge openingadapted to project the washing medium-against a portion of the articleslocated nearer the axis of the arms and having discharge openings alongone side thereof and an inlet opening intermedlate its ends in theopposite side thereof, and a transverse deflector projecting toward themiddle of said inlet opening from the opposite side of the tubularmember and adapted to direct substantially equal portions of the liquidintroduced through said inlet opening into said arms, respectively. v Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribin witnesses.

HENRY R. MERsELEs.

Witnesses A. J ARECKY, MAISIE MAURAS.

